Incamake y'incamake y'icyuma gitunganya transformer

Conservator ni igikoresho gikoreshwa mu kubika amavuta muri transformator. Inshingano yacyo ni ukwagura amavuta ari mu kigega cy’amavuta iyo ubushyuhe bw’amavuta buzamutse bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’umutwaro wa transformator. Muri iki gihe, amavuta menshi cyane azagera mu kigega cy’amavuta. Ahubwo, iyo ubushyuhe bugabanutse, amavuta ari mu kigega cy’amavuta azongera kwinjira mu kigega cy’amavuta kugira ngo ahindure urwego rw’amavuta mu buryo bwikora, ni ukuvuga ko ikigega cy’amavuta kigira uruhare mu kubika amavuta no kongera kuzuza amavuta, ibyo bikaba byatuma ikigega cy’amavuta cyuzuyemo amavuta. Muri icyo gihe, kubera ko ikigega cy’amavuta gifite ibikoresho, ubuso buhuza transformator n’umwuka buragabanuka, kandi ubushuhe, umukungugu n’umwanda w’amavuta wavuye mu kirere bishyirwa mu kigega cy’amavuta kiri munsi ya conservator, bityo bigabanyiriza cyane umuvuduko wo kwangirika kw’amavuta ya transformator.

Imiterere y'icyuma gikingira amavuta: igice kinini cy'icyuma gikingira amavuta ni ikintu gifite uruziga gipfundikiye gifite ibyuma, kandi ingano yacyo ni hafi 10% by'ingano y'icyuma gikingira amavuta. Igicunga amavuta gishyirwa hejuru y'icyuma gikingira amavuta. Amavuta imbere ahujwe n'icyuma gihindura amavuta binyuze mu muyoboro uhuza gazi, kugira ngo ingano y'amavuta ibashe kuzamuka no kugabanuka mu buryo bwizewe iyo ubushyuhe buhindutse. Mu bihe bisanzwe, urwego rwo hasi rw'amavuta mu gicunga amavuta rugomba kuba hejuru y'intebe iri hejuru y'icyuma gikingira amavuta. Ku gicunga gifite imiterere ihujwe, urwego rwo hasi rw'amavuta mu gicunga amavuta rugomba kuba hejuru y'igice cyo hejuru. Igicunga amavuta cy'ikirahure (cyangwa igipimo cy'ingano y'amavuta) gishyirwa ku ruhande rw'icyuma gikingira amavuta kugira ngo harebwe ihinduka ry'ingano y'amavuta mu gicunga amavuta igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Ubwoko bwa conservateur ihindura ikirere
Hari ubwoko butatu bwa transformer conservator: ubwoko bwa corrugated, ubwoko bwa capsule n'ubwoko bwa diaphragm.
1. Akamashini gakingira amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa capsule gatandukanya amavuta ya transformateur n'ikirere cyo hanze gifite uduce twa rubber imbere, kandi gaha amavuta ya transformateur umwanya wo kwaguka kw'ubushyuhe no gukonja.

2. Akamashini gakingira ubwoko bwa Diaphragm gakoreshwa mu gutandukanya amavuta ya transformateur n'ikirere cyo hanze hakoreshejwe diaphragm ya rubber kandi gatanga umwanya wo kwaguka k'ubushyuhe no gukonja kw'amavuta ya transformateur.

3. Conservateur y'amavuta ya korugano ni icyuma cyongera imbaraga kigizwe n'amabati ya korugano y'icyuma kugira ngo gitandukanye amavuta ya korugano n'ikirere cyo hanze kandi gitange umwanya wo kwaguka kw'ubushyuhe no gukonja kw'amavuta ya korugano. Conservateur y'amavuta ya korugano igabanyijemo kabiri conservateur y'imbere n'iy'inyuma. Conservateur y'amavuta ya korugano ifite imikorere myiza ariko ifite ingano nini.

Gufunga icyuma gikingira transformateur
Ubwoko bwa mbere ni agakoresho k’amavuta gafunguye (kadafunze), aho amavuta ya transformer ahuzwa neza n’umwuka wo hanze. Ubwoko bwa kabiri ni agakoresho k’amavuta ya capsule, kagiye gagabanuka buhoro buhoro mu ikoreshwa kuko agakoresho koroshye gusaza no kwangirika kandi gafite ubushobozi buke bwo gufunga. Ubwoko bwa gatatu ni agakoresho k’amavuta ya diaphragm, gakozwe mu byiciro bibiri by’igitambaro cya nylon gifite ubugari bwa 0.26rallr-0.35raln, gafite neoprene hagati na cyanogen butadiene inyuma. Ariko, gafite ibisabwa byinshi mu ishyirwaho no kubungabunga, kandi ingaruka zo kuyikoresha si nziza, ahanini bitewe no kuva kw’amavuta no kwangirika kw’ibice bya rubber, bigira ingaruka ku mutekano, kwizerwa no kubyazwa umusaruro w’amashanyarazi. Kubwibyo, kagenda kagabanuka buhoro buhoro. Ubwoko bwa kane ni agakoresho k’amavuta gakoresha ibintu bya elastic by’icyuma nk’ibigabanya, bishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri: ubwoko bw’amavuta yo hanze n’ubwoko bw’amavuta yo imbere. Agakoresho k’amavuta yo imbere gakoresha imiyoboro ya corrugated nk’igikoresho cy’amavuta. Dukurikije ingano y'amavuta yishyuwe, umuyoboro umwe cyangwa myinshi ikoreshwa mu gushyira imiyoboro ya peteroli kuri chassis mu buryo bugororotse kandi buhagaze. Umukungugu wongerwa hanze. Ingano y'amavuta yishyuwe yishyuwe no kuzamura imiyoboro ya cordate hejuru no hasi. Ishusho igaragara cyane cyane mu mpandeshatu. Umuyoboro w'amavuta ugororotse hanze ushyirwa mu buryo butambitse mu muyoboro w'amavuta ufite imiyoboro nk'umufuka w'umwuka. Amavuta yishyuwe ari hagati y'uruhande rw'inyuma rw'imiyoboro n'umuyoboro, kandi umwuka uri mu miyoboro uhuzwa n'inyuma. Ingano y'imbere y'umuyoboro w'amavuta ihinduka no kwaguka no guhindagurika kw'imiyoboro kugira ngo haboneke ingano y'amavuta yishyuwe. Imiterere y'inyuma ni umuyoboro utambitse:

1. Ikigega cy’amavuta gifunguye (conservator) cyangwa ikigega cy’amavuta cya transformer cy’icyuma gifite ubushobozi buke ni cyo cy’umwimerere, ni ukuvuga ko ikigega cy’amavuta gihujwe n’umwuka wo hanze gikoreshwa nk’ikigega cy’amavuta. Kubera ko kidafunze, amavuta akingira aroroshye gukurwamo ogisijeni no kwangizwa n’ubushuhe. Nyuma y’igihe kirekire gikoreshwa, ubwiza bwa peteroli ya transformer bushyirwamo ogisijeni, kandi amazi n’umwuka bito by’amavuta ya transformer yangiritse birenga cyane urugero rw’ibipimo, ibyo bikaba bibangamira cyane imikorere myiza, ihendutse kandi yizewe ya transformer, ibi bigabanya cyane umutekano wa transformer n’ubuzima bw’amavuta akingira. Muri iki gihe, ubu bwoko bwa conservator bw’amavuta (conservator) burakurwaho, butari bukunze kuboneka ku isoko, cyangwa bukoreshwa gusa kuri transformer zifite urwego rwo hasi rw’amashanyarazi.

2. Umucungamutungo w’amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa capsule Umucungamutungo w’amavuta yo mu bwoko bwa capsule ni agafuka ka nylon gashobora kwihanganira amavuta gashyirwa mu gasanduku gasanzwe k’amavuta. Gatandukanya amavuta ya transformateur mu kirere: uko ubushyuhe bw’amavuta muri transformateur buzamuka bukagabanuka, gahumeka. Iyo ingano y’amavuta ihindutse, habaho umwanya uhagije: ihame ryayo ni uko umwuka uri mu gafuka ka capsule uhuzwa n’ikirere binyuze mu muyoboro w’umwuka n’icyuma gifata ubushuhe. Igice cyo hasi cy’agafuka ka capsule kiba cyegereye urugero rw’amavuta yo mu gasanduku ka conservateur. Iyo urugero rw’amavuta ruhindutse, agafuka ka capsule na ko karaguka cyangwa kagakanda: kubera ko agafuka ka rubber gashobora kwangirika bitewe n’ibibazo by’ibikoresho, umwuka n’amazi bizinjirira mu mavuta bikinjira mu gikoresho cya transformateur, bigatuma amazi yiyongera mu mavuta. Imikorere y’ubushyuhe iragabanuka kandi igihombo cya dielectric cy’amavuta kiriyongera, ibyo bikaba byihutisha gusaza kw’amavuta yo gukingira: bityo, uduce twa silicone ya transformateur tugomba gusimbuzwa. Iyo ikibazo cyo gusukura gikomeye, transformateur igomba guhatirwa kuyungurura amavuta cyangwa kugabanya ingufu kugira ngo ikomeze kuyatunganya.

3. Imashini itunganya amavuta ya diaphragm ikemura ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byo mu bwoko bwa capsule, ariko ikibazo cy’ubwiza bw’ibikoresho bya rubber kiragoye gukemura, ku buryo ibibazo by’ubwiza bishobora kubaho mu gihe ikora, ibyo bikaba byabangamira imikorere myiza ya Transformateur z'ingufu. 4. Ikoranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe n'icyuma gifunga amavuta (amavuta y'imbere) rimaze gukura, Kwagura no kongera ikoranabuhanga rya element elastic - sheet metal expander kuri transformer, imaze imyaka irenga 20 ikoreshwa cyane mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi, ni no kuzuza element elastic na transformer oil hanyuma igice cyayo cyaguke kandi gikonje kugira ngo gisubize ingano y'amavuta. Conservator y'imbere ni igice cy'imbere gifite ibice bibiri (1 cr18nigti) kigizwe n'umuyoboro w'ibyuka bivamo umwuka, umuyoboro wo gutera amavuta, ikimenyetso cy'urwego rw'amavuta, umuyoboro wo guhuza woroshye n'ikirenge cy'akabati. Gikozwe mu cyuma kitagira umukungugu gifite ubudahangarwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, gishobora kwihanganira ingendo zirenga 20000 zo kugaruka no kugaruka. Igice cy'imbere kizamuka no kumanuka bitewe n'impinduka z'ubushyuhe bw'amavuta ya transformer kandi kikishyura impinduka z'ingano y'amavuta ya transformer.

(1) Hashyizweho icyuma gikingira umuvuduko mu mwobo w'imbere w'umutima, gishobora gutinza ingaruka ku kabati ko kubikamo amavuta bitewe n'ubwiyongere butunguranye bw'umuvuduko w'amavuta muri transformateur. Iyo umupaka w'umutima ugeze ku mupaka, umutima uracika, kandi umubiri wa transformateur uzarindwa no kugabanya umuvuduko, bityo bikazamura imikorere ya transformateur. Iyi mikorere ntiboneka mu zindi conservateur.

(2) Imbere y'umubiri igizwe n'inyuma imwe cyangwa nyinshi, ifite igipfundikizo cyo kurinda inyuma. Inyuma y'imbere y'umubiri ihujwe n'ikirere, gifite ubushobozi bwo gusohora ubushyuhe no guhumeka neza, gishobora kwihutisha urujya n'uruza rw'amavuta ya transformateur, kikagabanya ubushyuhe bw'amavuta muri transformateur, kandi kikanoza imikorere ya transformateur.

(3) Ikimenyetso cy'ingano y'amavuta nacyo ni kimwe n'icyuma cyongera ingufu cya transformer. Iyo igice cy'imbere kigenda gikura kandi kigahindagurika, ikibaho cyerekana ibimenyetso nacyo kirazamuka cyangwa kigamanuka hamwe n'igice cy'imbere. Ubushobozi bwo kubyihanganira ni bwinshi, kandi impinduka z'urwego rw'amavuta zigaragara binyuze mu idirishya ryo kureba rishyizwe ku gifuniko cyo hanze cy'uburinzi, gisobanutse kandi cyizewe. Igikoresho cyo kumenyesha n'agace ko kugenzura ingano y'amavuta bishyirwa ku gipimo cyo hanze cy'uburinzi, gishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'imikorere idahari.

(4) Nta kintu na kimwe kigaragara ku rugero rw'amavuta y'ikinyoma: ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibikoresho bicunga amavuta biri gukora ntibishobora gusohora umwuka burundu, ibyo bikaba byatera urugero rw'amavuta y'ikinyoma. Icya kabiri, ikoranabuhanga rifite ubushobozi bwo kumva ibintu byinshi bitewe nuko igice cy'imbere kirimo kuzamuka no kumanuka. Byongeye kandi, hari icyuma kiri mu gice cy'imbere, gitanga umuvuduko muto, ku buryo umwuka uri mu gice cy'imbere ushobora gusohora neza kugeza igihe umwuka urangiye burundu kandi ukagera ku rugero rw'amavuta rukenewe, bityo bikavanaho urugero rw'amavuta y'ikinyoma.

(5) Ikigega cy'amavuta gihindura amatafari kiri ku mutwaro ntikigomba gukoresha imashini ihindura amatafari iri ku mutwaro nk'igice cy'ingenzi cya transformateur. Mu gihe cy'imikorere yayo, igomba guhindura voltage buri gihe hakurikijwe imiterere y'umutwaro. Icya kabiri, kubera ko umurambararo uzakorwa mu gihe cyo guhindura kandi hakavuka gaze runaka, ibyo bikaba bigengwa n'ingano y'imashini ihindura amatafari iri ku mutwaro yuzuye, ibyo bikaba bidafasha ko gaze iva mu gusohora gaze iva mu gusohora amavuta, ni ngombwa kohereza abantu aho hantu kugira ngo bajye gusohora amazi kenshi. Uwakoze cyangwa umukoresha ntashyigikiye ko icyuma gito gitunganya amavuta gifite imashini ihindura amatafari kiri ku mutwaro igomba gukoresha imashini ihindura amatafari iri ku mutwaro yuzuye: