Imikorere n'Imikoreshereze ya Transformers ziterwa n'Amavuta mu byiciro bitatu

Imirimo y'ingenzi

Ese?

 

Guhindura Voltage n'Ingufu​

 

Transformer y'ibice bitatu ikoreshwa mu mavutas zikoresha induction ya electromagnetic kugira ngo zongere cyangwa zigabanye voltage za AC, zikore nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi kugira ngo zihuze imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi y'urwego rutandukanye rwa voltage. Urugero, zongerera voltages za generator (urugero, 6kV cyangwa 10kV) kuri voltages zo mu rwego rwa transmission (urugero, 220kV cyangwa irenga) kugira ngo zitange ingufu kure cyangwa zigabanye amashanyarazi ya voltage nyinshi ku voltages zo mu rwego rwa distribution (urugero, 10kV/0.4kV) ku bakoresha

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Gushyiramo ubushyuhe no gutwika ibikoresho

 

Amavuta ya transformer akora nk'igikoresho gikingira ubushyuhe n'igikonjesha:

 

Ubushyuhe: Imbaraga nyinshi za dielectric za peteroli (zirenze cyane umwuka) zirinda inzira ngufi hagati y’imizunguruko n’imirongo, zitandukanya ubushuhe n’ibintu byanduza, kandi zigabanye gusaza kw’ubushyuhe.

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Gukonjesha: Ubushyuhe buturuka ku mizunguruko n'imirongo y'imbere bujyanwa muri peteroli, ikazenguruka mu buryo busanzwe cyangwa binyuze mu buryo bukoreshwa ku ngufu (urugero: abafana, ipompo) ikagera kuri radiateri cyangwa ku buso bw'ikigega, ikabungabunga ubushyuhe bukora neza (ubusanzwe ≤85°C ku mavuta yo hejuru)

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Umutekano n'Iterambere

 

Ubudahangarwa bw'uruziga rugufi: Inyubako zitwikiriwe neza n'amavuta zongerera imbaraga ikoranabuhanga, zuzuzwa n'imiyoboro ya gaze n'imyobo irinda guturika kugira ngo zirekure umuvuduko mu gihe cy'ikosa ry'imbere mu nzu.

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Igenzura ry'amashanyarazi: Imashini zihindura amashanyarazi mu gihe cyo gushyiramo umuriro cyangwa igihe cyo kuwushyiramo umuriro zihindura amashanyarazi (± 5%) kugira ngo zihamye ihindagurika ry'amashanyarazi riterwa no guhuza ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa cyangwa impinduka mu gihe cyo gushyiramo umuriro.

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Guhuza n'ibidukikije​

 

Imikorere yo mu Butumburuke Burebure: Ku burebure bwa metero zigera ku 3,000, igishushanyo mbonera gikubiyemo amafeni manini yo gukonjesha cyangwa uburyo bworoshye bwo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe kugira ngo gisubize imikorere mibi yo gukonjesha bitewe n'umuvuduko muke w'umwuka.

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Ikoranabuhanga ryo Gufunga: Ibigega bya korrugasiyo cyangwa ibikoresho bicupa bigabanya imikoranire hagati y'amavuta n'umwuka, bikongera igihe cyo kubibungabunga no kumara igihe kirekire mu kazi.

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Porogaramu z'ingenzi

Ibikorwaremezo by'amashanyarazi

 

Imashini zitanga ingufu n'amashanyarazi: Kongera ingufu ku nganda z'amashanyarazi (urugero: 10kV kugeza 220kV) kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu gutwara umuriro no kugabanya ingufu ku nganda zitanga ingufu (urugero: 35kV kugeza 0.4kV) kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu nganda/mu mijyi.

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Guhuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi: Koroshya ikwirakwizwa ry'ingufu mu turere twose, bigamije ko habaho imikoranire iri hagati y'ibikenewe n'ibikenewe.

 

​Inganda n'Ingufu​

 

Ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro: Gutanga ingufu zihamye ku bikoresho byo gucukura, ibikoresho byo gucukura, n'ibikoresho biri kure mu turere duto cyane.

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Ubuhanga mu by'ibyuma n'imiti: Gutanga ingufu za voltage nyinshi (urugero, 10kV/35kV) ku turemangingo twa electrolytic, amatanura, na moteri nini

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​Ubwubatsi n'ibikorwa rusange​

 

Ingufu z'agateganyo: Zishyirwa ahantu h'ubwubatsi, mu bihe by'impanuka, cyangwa mu bihe byihutirwa kugira ngo amashanyarazi akwirakwizwe vuba kandi yizewe

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Ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi: Ingufu zo gukurura (urugero, 35kV/1.5kV) kuri sisitemu za gari ya moshi zo mu muhanda wa metro na gari ya moshi yihuta cyane

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Imashini zivugururwa n'izikoresha ubwenge

 

Guhuza imirasire y'izuba n'umuyaga: Kongera ingufu zisubiramo zikoresha ingufu nke (urugero, 0.69kV) kugeza ku rwego rwo kwinjira mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi (urugero, 35kV) kugira ngo zigere neza mu buryo bufatika.

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Igenzura ry'ingufu zihindagurika: Hindura uburyo ingufu zikwirakwizwa zihindagurika, ukomeze guhagarara neza binyuze mu guhindura amashanyarazi mu gihe nyacyo

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Iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga n'ibipimo ngenderwaho byo guhitamo

Kuzamura imikorere myiza y'ingufu

 

Imiterere igezweho (urugero, uruhererekane rwa S13/S22) igabanya igihombo kidatwara umutwaro ku kigero cya >30% binyuze mu gutondekanya neza kw'ingufu (urugero, aloyi zidafite ishusho) n'imiterere y'ingufu, ikurikije amahame ya GB 20052-2024.

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Kunoza ibidukikije

 

Amavuta yo kubora: Simbuza amavuta y'ubutare n'ibimera bigizwe na esters (100% byororoka, flashpoint ≥350°C) kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago by'inkongi n'ingaruka ku bidukikije.

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Igenzura ry’ubwenge: Ibikoresho bya IoT bihuza bikurikirana ubuziranenge bw’amavuta, ubushyuhe, n’isohoka ry’igice cy’amavuta kugira ngo bitangwe neza.

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Ibipimo byo guhitamo

 

Ubushobozi: 30kVA kugeza 20,000kVA, hamwe n'ibice binini byo gukoresha mu nganda

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Uburyo bwo gukonjesha:

 

ONAN (Iyinjiza mu mavuta): Ubushobozi buke (

 

OFAF (Gukonjesha amavuta/umwuka ukoresheje ingufu): Transformateur zifite ubushobozi bwinshi (>20,000kVA)

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Icyiciro cy'ubushyuhe: Icyiciro cya H (180°C) ku bidukikije bikomeye

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Umwanzuro

Transformateur zikoresha peteroli mu byiciro bitatu ziracyari ingenzi cyane mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi bugezweho bitewe n'ubushobozi bwazo, ukwizerwa kwazo, no kuzihindura uko zimeze. Udushya mu bikoresho bibungabunga ibidukikije, gusuzuma ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge, n'ibishushanyo mbonera bito bihuye n'intego z'iterambere ku isi, bigatuma habaho akamaro kanini mu bikorwa byo guhindura ingufu.