Imikoreshereze y'ingenzi ya Transformers z'amashanyarazi menshi: Ibikoresho by'ingenzi kuva kuri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi kugeza ku miterere y'inganda

Transformateur y'amashanyarazi menshis zikora nk'ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi no mu nganda, aho porogaramu zirimo ingufu, inganda, ubuvuzi, n'izindi nzego z'ingenzi. Iyi nkuru irasuzuma uruhare rw'ingenzi rw'imashini zihindura ingufu nyinshi mu muryango wa none binyuze mu mahame ya tekiniki, imiterere y'ikoreshwa, n'inyigo z'inganda.

 

1. Inshingano z'ingenzi muri sisitemu y'amashanyarazi

1. "Ingufu zo Gutera Ingufu" zo Kohereza Intera Ndende

Transformateur z’amashanyarazi menshi zongereye ingufu za voltage ya 10-35kV zitangwa n’inganda z’amashanyarazi zikagera kuri 220kV cyangwa zirenga, bigabanya cyane imbaraga z’amashanyarazi mu mirongo itwara umuriro kandi bigabanya igihombo cy’ingufu (ku kigero kirenga 90%). Urugero, mu mushinga wo kohereza ingufu mu Burengerazuba bw’Ubushinwa, transformateur z’amashanyarazi menshi cyane (UHV) zongerera ingufu kugeza kuri 1000kV, bigatuma kohereza neza mu ngendo zirenze kilometero 3.000.

2 "Smart Regulator" kuri Grid Nodes

Mu masiteshoni, transfoma zifite amashanyarazi menshi zikora ihinduranya ry’amashanyarazi no kwishyura ingufu zikoreshwa:

 

Igabanywa ry'intambwe:Kugabanya voltage y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi kuva kuri 220kV kugeza kuri 10kV/35kV ku miyoboro y'amashanyarazi yo mu karere.

 

Gutuza ingufu z'amashanyarazi:Gukoresha ibikoresho bihindura umuyoboro w'amazi (urugero, ± 10% by'uburyo bwo guhindura umuyoboro) kugira ngo bisubize mu buryo buhamye ihindagurika ry'umuyoboro w'amazi no kwemeza ko umuyoboro w'amazi uhamye.

 

 

II. Porogaramu z'inganda zikoreshwa mu buryo bwinshi

1 "Ingufu z'amashanyarazi" ku nganda zikomeye

 

Ubuhanga mu by'ibyuma:Gutanga10kV-35kVingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu itanura ry'amashanyarazi n'amatanura akoresha induction kugira ngo ashyigikire icyuma gishongesha ingufu nyinshi.

 

Ibimera bya shimi:Gukoresha amashanyarazi n'ibyuma binini bya compressor, nka6-10kVtransfoma zabugenewe zo gukora chlor-alkali.

 

2 "Adaptateri y'ubuziranenge" yo gukora ibintu bigezweho

 

Gukora semiconductors:Imashini zitunganya wafer zisabaharmonic iri hasi cyaneingufu za voltage nyinshi (urugero, urwego rwa 40kV), hamwe na transformers zujuje ibisabwa bikomeye bya THD

 

Gukata hakoreshejwe laser:Laser za CO₂ zishingiye kuri20-50kVtransfoma zifite voltage nyinshi kugira ngo zikore plasma, aho ubushishozi bugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bwiza bw'ikata.

 

III. Udushya mu ngufu zisubira

1 "Ikiraro cy'urukuta" cy'ingufu z'izuba n'umuyaga

 

Imirima ikoreshwa n'izuba:Guhindura umusaruro wa DC wa 0.8-1.5kV uva kuri PV arrays ukajya kuri 35kV AC, hanyuma ukazamuka ukagera kuri voltage ya grid ya 132kV (urugero, umushinga wa Ningxia wa 2GW solar).

 

Umuyaga wo mu nyanja:Gukoresha sitasiyo za siporo za 66kV mu maziresin ikoze mu cyuma Transformateur yo mu bwoko bwumyeskugira ngo habeho kurwanya ibihu by'umunyu no kudakoresha nabi.

 

2 "Ihuriro ry'Ingufu" rya Sisitemu zo Kubika

 

Ububiko bwa batiri:Transformateur zifite amashanyarazi menshi zitumaGuhindura DC/AC mu cyerekezo cy'ibiriku bijyanye no kugenzura inshuro z'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi (urugero, transfoma za Tesla Megapack za 2.5MVA).

 

 

IV. Inkunga y'ingenzi ku porogaramu zihariye

1 "Umurinzi w'Umutekano" ku Bikoresho by'Ubuvuzi

 

Gusuzuma amashusho:Imashini za X-ray na CT zisaba80-150kVamashanyarazi, hamwe na transfoma zikurikiza amategekoAmahame ngenderwaho y'ubuvuzi ya IEC 60601ku bijyanye no gukingira no gukoresha EMC.

 

Ibikoresho byo kuvura:Imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ikoreshwa mu kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasiretransfoma zifite voltage nyinshi(igisubizo cya nanosecond) hamwe no kwihanganira amakosa ari munsi ya 0.1%.

 

2 "Igikoresho cy'Ubushakashatsi bwa Siyansi"

 

Imashini zihutisha uduce duto:CERN ikoreshaTransformateur za resonant za 400kVgukora imirima yo kwihutisha imirasire y'uduce duto.

 

Isuzuma ry'amashanyarazi menshi:Ibipimo by'ibikoresho byo gukingira ubwishingizi bisabaTransformateur zipima inshuro z'ingufu za 1000kVkwigana imimerere ikabije.

 

V. Inzira z'iterambere ry'ejo hazaza

1. Kuvugurura mu buryo bw'ubwenge

Gukurikirana imiterere y'indwara:DGA ihuriweho (isesengura rya gaze ishongeshejwe) hamwe n'ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe bya fibre-optic kugira ngo bitangwe neza (urugero, igisubizo cya ABB cya TXpert™).

Impanga zo kuri interineti:Imiterere ya 3D igamije guhanura igihe transformer izamara, ikagabanya ikiguzi cya O&M ho 30%+.

 

2. Udushya mu Ikoranabuhanga Ririnda Ihindagurika ry'Ibidukikije

 

Ibikoresho birengera ibidukikije:Amavuta ya ester ashobora kubora asimbuza amavuta y’ubutare (aho umuriro uzamurwa kugeza kuri 300°C).

 

Imiterere ikora neza cyane:Transformateur z’ibanze zidafite isura nziza zigabanya igihombo kitagira umutwaro ku kigero cya 70%, zikaba ari nziza cyane ku mutwaro uhoraho nk’aho zikoresha imirasire y’izuba.