Amasomo yo gukoresha neza ingufu za transformer yasobanuwe: Kuva ku mahame y'igihugu kugeza ku mahitamo (Icyiciro cya 2025)

Bitewe no guteza imbere intego zo kutagira karuboni ikoreshwa mu gutanga ingufu, gukoresha neza ingufu za transformer byabaye igipimo cy'ingenzi ku bigo kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi cy'imikorere no kuzuza inshingano zabyo mu mibereho myiza y'abaturage. Hashingiwe ku mahame y'igihugu nkaGB 20052-2024, iyi nkuru itanga isesengura ryimbitse ry’ibyiciro byo gukoresha neza ingufu, uburyo bwo gupima, n’ingamba zo guhitamo kugira ngo abakoresha bazigame ingufu.

 

 

I. Ibisobanuro by'Ibyiciro by'Imikoreshereze y'Ingufu n'Iterambere Risanzwe

1. Sisitemu yo gukoresha neza ingufu mu Bushinwa

 

Icyiciro cya 1 (NX1):Ku rwego rwo hejuru ku rwego mpuzamahanga, igihombo cya 30-50% ku nta mutwaro/umutwaro kiri hasi ugereranyije n'icyiciro cya 3.

 

Icyiciro cya 2 (NX2):Igezweho mu gihugu, ikwiriye imitwaro ihamye kandi irambye.

 

Icyiciro cya 3 (NX3):Igipimo cyo kwinjira ku isoko; moderi zishaje (urugero, S11) zizavanwaho nyuma ya 2025. = -2025

 

Ibirango:Ibirango by'ubururu n'umweru byo gukoresha ingufu neza ku buso bw'ibicuruzwa.

 

2. Amahame ya kera ugereranyije n'amashya

II. Itandukaniro mu mikorere: Ubwoko bwumye ugereranyije n'ubushyuhe bwinjijwe mu mavuta

1.Transformateur yo mu bwoko bwumyes

 

Modeli zikomeye:

 

SCB18 (Icyiciro cya 1): Kugabanya igihombo kidatwara imizigo ku kigero cya 20% ugereranije na SCB10.

 

SCBH19 (Amorphous alloy): 15% by'ibihombo bigabanuka by'umutwaro, ni byiza cyane ku bigo by'amakuru.

 

 

Porogaramu:Ibitaro, gari ya moshi zo munsi y'ubutaka, inyubako z'ubucuruzi (IP54+).

 

2.Transformer ikoreshwa mu mavutas

 

Modeli zikomeye:

 

SH25 (Aloyi y'ubutare idafite umutwaro): 70% byo kugabanuka ku gipimo nta mutwaro ugereranije na S13, igihe cy'imyaka 40 cyo kubaho.

 

S22 (icyuma cya CRGO): Ihendutse ku busitani bw'inganda.

 

Udushya:Amavuta ya β (ubushyuhe bwa 300°C) asimbuza amavuta y'ubutare, yemejwe ko ari -40°C.

 

 

 

 

III. Ibisabwa mu isuzuma n'impamyabushobozi

1. Ibizamini by'ingenzi

 

Kubura umutwaro:Ikizamini cya ZSTE-9500 (ubuziranenge bwa ± 0.2%, ubushyuhe/imiterere y'umuraba byapimwe).

 

Gutakaza Umutwaro:Ibipimo biri munsi ya ≤5% THD, ubushyuhe busanzwe bugera kuri 75°C.

 

Impedance:≥6% ku byuma bihindura amashanyarazi bishobora kuvugururwa (guhagarara k'urukuta).

 

2. Uburyo bwo kwemeza

 

Ikizamini cy’umuntu wa gatatu (urugero, CTI/STL).

 

Kwandikisha ikirango cy'ingufu (China Energy Label Portal).

 

Igenzura rya buri mwaka (igipimo cyo gutsindwa kiri hejuru ya 5% gitera kwamburwa uburenganzira).

 

 

IV. Ingamba zo guhitamo no gusesengura inyungu n'ikiguzi

1. Guhitamo bishingiye ku bihe

2. Igiciro cyose cy'umutungo (TCO)

 

Ifishi:TCO = Igiciro cyo kugura + Igiciro cy'Ingufu z'Imyaka 20 + Kubungabunga.

 

Icyiciro cya 1:TCO iri hasiho 25-30% ugereranije n'icyiciro cya 3.

 

Inkunga:Kugeza ku 10% by'igabanyirizwa ry'ishuri rya mbere mu ntara zatoranijwe.

 

 

V. Inzira z'inganda n'amabwiriza ya politiki

1. Amategeko agenga

 

2025: Transformateur nshya zigomba kuba zujuje ≥ Icyiciro cya 2.

 

Intego ya 2027: ≥80% by’ikoreshwa ry’ibikorwa bigezweho (Gahunda ya MIIT yo Guhindura Imikorere Iboneye).

 

2. Udushya

 

Ibikoresho:Amasafuriya y’ibice bidafite isura cyangwa ibice bidafite isura (30% by’ibitakara bidatwara umutwaro).

 

Ibiranga Ubwenge:Gukurikirana DGA (ubunyangamugayo bwo kumenya niba amakosa ari ukuri ≥95%).

 

Kuramba:Amavuta yo gukingira ashobora kubora (50% by'ingufu za karuboni nkeya).

 

 

 

Umwanzuro
Gukoresha ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukwirakwiza ingufu mu buryo bunoze ni igipimo ngenderwaho mu buhanga no mu buryo burambye bw’ikigo. Guhitamo ibyiciro byiza bishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cy’ubuzima ku kigero cya 15-40%. Bitewe na politiki n’udushya, transformers zikora neza cyane ni zo zizaganza isoko.