Transformer Tap Changer

Igikoresho kigenzura amashanyarazi cya transformateur kigabanyijemo igikoresho kigenzura amashanyarazi cya transformateur "kidashyuha" n'igikoresho kigenzura amashanyarazi cya transformateur "kiri ku mutwaro".

Byombi bivuga uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi bw'imashini ihindura tap transformer, none se itandukaniro riri hagati yabyo ni irihe?

① Ihinduranya ry'amatapi "ridashyuha cyane" rigomba guhindura tapi yo ku ruhande rw'imashini ihindura imiterere y'izunguruka ry'izunguruka ry'ingufu mu gihe impande zombi z'ibanze n'iz'inyongera za transformer zitandukanijwe n'amashanyarazi.

② "Ihinduranya ry'amatapi riri kuri "On-load": Hakoreshejwe ihinduranya ry'amatapi riri kuri "load", ihinduranya ry'imashini ihinduranya amatapi kugira ngo ihindure ihinduranya ry'amashanyarazi menshi kugira ngo igenzure amashanyarazi adaciye umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi.

Itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibyo byombi ni uko umuhindura tap udafite imbaraga zo guhinduranya umuvuduko nta bushobozi bwo guhinduranya imiyoboro hamwe n’umutwaro, kuko ubwo bwoko bw’umuhindura tap bufite inzira yo guhagarika umuvuduko mu gihe gito mu gihe cyo guhinduranya imiyoboro. Guhagarika umuvuduko w’umuvuduko bizatera guhagarara hagati y’aho uhurira no kwangiza umuhindura tap. Umuhindura tap urimo umuvuduko w’umuvuduko ufite ihindagurika rikabije mu gihe cyo guhinduranya imiyoboro, bityo nta nzira yo guhagarika umuvuduko mu gihe gito. Iyo uhinduye kuva kuri vitesi imwe ujya ku yindi, nta nzira yo guhagarika umuvuduko ibaho iyo umuvuduko w’umuvuduko uvanyweho. Muri rusange ikoreshwa kuri transformers zifite ingufu zikomeye zisaba ingufu zigomba guhindurwa kenshi.

Kubera ko transformateur "ihindura tap" ishobora gukora imikorere y'amashanyarazi hakurikijwe uko transformateur ikora, kuki wahitamo "ihindura tap" "ihindura tap"? Birumvikana ko impamvu ya mbere ari igiciro. Mu bihe bisanzwe, igiciro cy'ihindura tap Transformer y'imashini ihindura ibintu (Tap Changer Transformer) ni 2/3 by'igiciro cya transformateur ihindura tapi iri ku mutwaro; icyarimwe, ingano ya transformateur ihindura tapi iri ku mutwaro ni nto cyane kuko idafite igice cyo guhindura tapi iri ku mutwaro. Kubwibyo, mu gihe nta mategeko cyangwa izindi mpamvu zihari, transformateur ihindura tapi iri ku mutwaro izatoranywa.

Kuki wahitamo transformer ihindura tap irimo umutwaro? Ni iyihe nshingano?
① Kuzamura igipimo cy’ubushobozi bw’amashanyarazi.
Ihererekanya ry'amashanyarazi mu muyoboro w'amashanyarazi ritanga igihombo, kandi igihombo ni gito cyane hafi y'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Gukora igenzura ry'amashanyarazi ku mutwaro, guhora ugenzura amashanyarazi ya bisi yo muri sitasiyo itwara imizigo, no gutuma ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bikoresha amashanyarazi ku mubare w'amashanyarazi atangwa bizagabanya igihombo, ari na cyo gihendutse kandi gikwiye. Igipimo cy'amashanyarazi atangwa ni kimwe mu bimenyetso by'ingenzi byerekana ubuziranenge bw'amashanyarazi. Igenzura ry'amashanyarazi atangwa ku mutwaro ku gihe rishobora kwemeza igipimo cy'amashanyarazi atangwa, bityo bigahura n'ibyo abantu bakeneye mu buzima bwabo ndetse n'umusaruro w'inganda n'ubuhinzi.

② Kunoza ubushobozi bwo kwishyura ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusubiza no kongera igipimo cy’ubwinjirize bwa capacitor.
Nk'igikoresho cyo kwishyura ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bufatika, ingufu zikoreshwa mu gukoresha capacitors z'amashanyarazi zihwanye na kare y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Iyo ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bufatika zigabanuka, ingaruka zo kwishyura ziragabanuka, kandi iyo ingufu zikoreshwa ziyongera, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi birarenza urugero, bigatuma ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bufatika ziyongera, ndetse zikanarenga urugero, ibyo bikaba byoroshye kwangiza ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho bigatuma bitera
impanuka z'ibikoresho. Kugira ngo hirindwe ko ingufu zikoreshwa mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi zisubizwa mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi kandi ko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu buryo bw'amashanyarazi bidakora neza, bigatera imyanda no kwiyongera kw'ibitakara by'amashanyarazi, transformer igomba guhindurwa ku gihe kugira ngo ihindure voltage ya bisi igere ku rugero rwemewe, kugira ngo hatagira ikibazo cyo guhagarika capacitor.

Ni gute wakoresha uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi ari ku mutwaro?
Uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi ku mutwaro burimo kugenzura amashanyarazi n'uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe intoki.

Ishingiro ry'igenzura ry'amashanyarazi ku mutwaro ni uguhindura amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhindura imiterere y'uruhande rufite ingufu nyinshi mu gihe amashanyarazi ku ruhande rufite ingufu nke adahinduka. Twese tuzi ko uruhande rufite ingufu nyinshi muri rusange ari amashanyarazi ya sisitemu, naho amashanyarazi ya sisitemu muri rusange ntahinduka. Iyo umubare w'amahinduka ku ruhande rufite ingufu nyinshi wiyongereye (ni ukuvuga ko igipimo cy'ihinduka cyiyongereye), amashanyarazi ku ruhande rufite ingufu nke azagabanuka; ahubwo, iyo umubare w'amahinduka ku ruhande rufite ingufu nyinshi ugabanutse (ni ukuvuga igipimo cy'ihinduka cyagabanutse), amashanyarazi ku ruhande rufite ingufu nke aziyongera. Ni ukuvuga:

Kongera ihinduka = ​​kugabanuka = ​​kugabanuka kwa voltage Kugabanuka = ​​kuzamuka = ​​kwiyongera kwa voltage
None se, ni mu bihe ki transformateur ishobora kudakora ihinduranya ry’amazi ku mutwaro?
① Iyo transformateur irenze urugero (usibye mu bihe byihariye)
② Iyo inzogera y'umuriro y'igikoresho gipima amashanyarazi kiri ku mutwaro ifunguye
③ Iyo igikoresho gipima amashanyarazi ku mutwaro kidashoboye guhangana n'umuvuduko w'amavuta cyangwa nta mavuta ari mu kimenyetso cy'amavuta kirimo
④ Iyo umubare w'amashanyarazi urenze umubare wagenwe
⑤ Iyo igikoresho cyo kugenzura amashanyarazi kidakora neza

Kuki gukoresha umutwaro mwinshi bifunga icyuma gihindura umutwaro kirimo gukururwa?
Ibi biterwa nuko mu bihe bisanzwe, mu gihe cyo kugenzura amashanyarazi ari ku mutwaro wa transformer nyamukuru, hari itandukaniro ry'amashanyarazi hagati y'umuhuza mukuru n'aho bafatira, bigatuma habaho umuvuduko uzenguruka. Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo kugenzura amashanyarazi, resistor ihuzwa mu buryo buteganye kugira ngo irenge umuvuduko uzenguruka n'umuvuduko uzenguruka. Resistor iteganye igomba kwihanganira umuvuduko munini.

Iyo transformateur y'amashanyarazi irenze urugero, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa muri transformateur nyamukuru zirenze ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa muri trap, zishobora gutwika umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi w'amashanyarazi.

Kubwibyo, kugira ngo hirindwe ikintu cyo guhindura robine kidashobora gutera umuvuduko, birabujijwe gukora regulation ya voltage iri ku muvuduko iyo transformateur nyamukuru irenze urugero. Iyo regulation ya voltage ishyizweho ingufu, igikoresho cyo kugenzura voltage iri ku muvuduko gishobora gushya, gaze yo gutwara imizigo ishobora gukoreshwa, kandi transformateur nyamukuru ishobora kugwa.