Itandukaniro riri hagati ya AC na DC ni irihe?

Nk'igice cy'ingenzi mu miyoboro y'amashanyarazi, Transformateur z'ingufu ni ingenzi mu buryo dukwirakwiza n'uko dukoresha amashanyarazi. Ariko amashanyarazi anyura muri izi transformateurs aza mu buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi: Umuriro Uhindagurika (AC) n'Umuriro Uziguye (DC). Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ni ingenzi kugira ngo dusobanukirwe uburyo bwa none bw'amashanyarazi.

Kuri[Ikigo gishinzwe ubuzima rusange], inzobere mutransformateur y'amashanyarazimu nganda, dukoresha ingufu za AC buri munsi. Muri iyi nkuru, tuzasobanura neza itandukaniro riri hagati ya AC na DC, impamvu AC yabaye ihame ry’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi, n’aho DC ari ngombwa cyane.

Itandukaniro ry'ingenzi: Igereranya ryoroshye

Tekereza urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi nk'amazi atemba mu muyoboro.

 

Umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi utaziguye (DC)ni nk'amazi atembabuhoro buhoro kandi buri gihe mu cyerekezo kimwemunsi y'umuyoboro ugororotse. Birazwi neza kandi ni bimwe.

Umuriro Usimburana (AC)ni nk'amazikwihuta cyane mu buryo bw'umuvudukomu muyoboro. Ingendo ya internet ni zeru, ariko ingufu ziracyari koherezwa binyuze mu ngendo.

 

Iri tandukaniro ry'ibanze muriicyerekezo cy'inzirani ingenzi ya AC na DC.

 

 

Kugereranya impande n'impande: AC vs. DC

 

 

Kwinjira mu buryo bwimbitse mu bintu by'ingenzi bitandukanye

1. Uburyo bwo gutembera n'icyerekezo cy'ubu

DC:Ikintu cy'ingenzi hano niInzira itaziguyeUmuriro w'amashanyarazi utembera mu cyerekezo kimwe, kidahindagurika uva kuri positive ujya kuri negative terminal. Tekereza ku itara rikoresha bateri; ingufu zituruka kuri bateri zijya kuri ampule.

NA:Ikintu cy'ingenzi hano niGusimbuza. Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi uhora uhindura icyerekezo. Muri sisitemu nyinshi z'amashanyarazi, ibi bibaho inshuro 50 cyangwa 60 ku isegonda (bipimwe nka Hertz, Hz). Ibi bivuze ko electron ziri mu nsinga zo mu rugo rwawe zigenda zihindagura inshuro 60 ku isegonda, ntizigenda mu murongo uhoraho.

2. "Intambara y'Imigezi" n'Impamvu AC Yatsinze mu Gukwirakwiza Umuyoboro w'Amagambo

Iyi si amateka gusa; ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma amashanyarazi yacu yubakwa kuri AC, bityo, niyo mpamvutransfoma z'amashanyarazini ibintu binenga cyane.

Mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya 19, Thomas Edison yashyigikiye DC, mu gihe Nikola Tesla na George Westinghouse bashyigikiye AC. AC yatsinze "Intambara y'Imihindagurikire" kubera impamvu imwe y'ingenzi:guhinduka.

Ikibazo cyo kohereza DC:Iyo amashanyarazi agenze intera ndende, ahura n'ubudahangarwa mu nsinga, bigatuma umuriro ubura. Kugira ngo ugabanye iki gihombo, ugomba kohereza ingufu ku buryo bugaragara.ingufu nyinshi z'amashanyarazihanyuma "ugamanuka" ukagera ku muvuduko w'amashanyarazi utekanye kandi uri hasi ku ngo no ku bigo by'ubucuruzi.

Ikosa rikomeye rya DC:Mu myaka ya 1880, nta buryo bwiza kandi buhendutse bwariho bwo kongera cyangwa kugabanya voltage ya DC.

Akamaro ko gutsinda ka AC:Umuvuduko wa AC ushobora kwiyongera byoroshye (wiyongeraho) no kugabanuka (wiyongeraho) hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyitwatransformateur.

Aha niho ubuhanga bwacu bugaragarira.Transfoma z'amashanyaraziMu masitasiyo asohora umuriro, shyira ingufu kuri voltage ya AC ku rugero rwo hejuru cyane (nk'amavolti 400.000 cyangwa arenga) kugira ngo uhererekanye neza intera ndende kandi nta gihombo kinini kirimo. Hanyuma, ku masitasiyo yegereye ahantu hatuwe n'abantu benshi, izindi transformateur zigabanya voltage kuri 120/240V dukoresha mu ngo zacu.

Ubu bushobozi bworoshye bwo guhindura voltage niyo mpamvu AC yabaye igipimo ntashidikanywaho cy’imiyoboro y’amashanyarazi ku isi.

3. Imikoreshereze igezweho: Aho buri kimwe kimurika

Nubwo AC ari yo iyobora grid, DC ntabwo ishaje. Buri bwoko burakora neza mu rwego rwabwo:

AC ni nziza kuri:

Gutanga ingufu mu mijyi yose no mu ngo.

Moteri n'imashini by'ingandabyoroshye kandi byizewe kuri AC.

Porogaramu zikoresha imbaraga nyinshinko gushyushya no gucana amatara.

DC ni ingenzi kuri:

Ikoranabuhanga:Telefoni yawe, mudasobwa igendanwa, televiziyo, n'ibikoresho byose bya elegitoroniki bikorera imbere kuri DC. Niyo mpamvu adaptateri zabo z'amashanyarazi (cyangwa "chargers") mu by'ukuri ari converter za AC-to-DC.

 

Amabatiri:Bateri zose (harimo n'iziri mu modoka zitwara amashanyarazi) zibika kandi zigatanga amashanyarazi ya DC.

 

Ingufu z'izuba:Ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba zitanga amashanyarazi ya DC, ibyo bikaba bisaba inverter kugira ngo ihindurwemo AC kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu rugo.

 

Imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi:Bateri za EV zikoresha DC, kandi sitasiyo za DC zikoresha amashanyarazi yihuta zirimo kuba iy’ingenzi.

 

Umwanzuro: Ubufatanye mu Bufatanye

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya AC na DC ntabwo ari iry’icyiza kurusha ibindi, ahubwo ni iry’icyiza kuri ako kazi. Isi yacu ya none ishingiye ku bufatanye buhambaye hagati y’ibyo byombi.

 

ACni intwari yakohereza no gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu ntera ndende, bashobozwa n'abantu bicisha bugufi ariko bafite akamarotransformateur y'amashanyarazi.

 

DCni intwari yaububiko bw'ingufu n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhangaibyo bitanga imbaraga mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.

 

KuriIkigo gishinzwe ubuzima rusange, turi inzobere mu bijyanye n'ubu bufatanye. Dushushanya kandi tugakora ibikoresho byizewetransfoma z'amashanyarazibigize inkingi y'ibikorwa remezo by'amashanyarazi, bigamije kwemeza ko ingufu za AC zikorerwa mu ruganda zigezwa ku muryango wawe neza kandi mu mutekano.